Spiritual Pawning: “Mad Slaves” and Mental Healing in Atlantic-Era West Africa
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract When enslaved people became “mad,” they lost exchange value as labor capital on the Atlantic market, neither African nor European merchants considered mentally distressed to be valuable bondsmen. Historians of slavery in Americas have drawn accounts “mad slaves” understand how was generated, and disrupted, through transport sale captive Africans. But historians yet examine relationship between psychological distress enslavement West Africa, where many captives question originated. This article opens a research agenda madness Atlantic-era Africa case study role Ga shrines spaces mental healing eighteenth- nineteenth-century Gold Coast, today’s coastal Ghana. families confided their kin shrine priests, who treated severe illnesses caused by ritual afflictions. priests healed these ailments, engaged spiritual pawning: converting mad persons, deemed unfit for due incapacity, into potential subjects enslavement. were thus conversion that reflected broader monetary economy capture, enslavement, raiding proliferated Coast.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Comparative Studies in Society and History
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['0010-4175', '1475-2999']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/s0010417523000051